Bacterial cellulase from the intestinal tract of the sugarcane borer.

Cellulolytic enzymes have wide use in several industrial segments (e.g. biofuels, pulp and paper, food, and cosmetics). However, one of the challenges is their large-scale production with high specific activity to eliminate the dependence of the purchase of enzymatic cocktails produced by commercial parties. The aims of this study were (1) isolation, selection, and partial characterization of bacterial cellulases present in the intestinal tract of the sugarcane borer and (2) to identify cellulase-producing bacteria by analyzing the 16S rDNA gene. Cellulase production and purification assays resulted in similar electrophoretic profiles between four bacterial strains. These strains were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella sp., and Bacillus sp. K. pneumoniae was the main cellulase-producing microorganism. Our results show the possibility of finding cellulolytic microorganisms that inhabit the gut of herbivorous animals, especially those that are predators of important crops of economic value. Furthermore, K. pneumoniae cellulase is of medical importance. In hospitals, health professionals, hospital technicians, patients and visitors wear clothes containing cellulose. Thus, K. pneumoniae within hospitals can contaminate these clothes and be spread to the environment. In that case, it would be important for the hospital's chemical sterilization products to have at least one cellulase inhibitor.

A biotecnologia envolvida no sistema CRISPR / Biotechnology involved in the CRISPR system

Introdução: o sistema CRISPR trata-se de uma ferramenta molecular, ordenada por um RNA guia e a enzima Cas9 capaz de corrigir a expressão de uma gama de genes alvo. Objetivo: apresentar uma revisão da literatura acerca do sistema CRISPR e sua contribuição para a biotecnologia. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica realizada com base em periódicos nacionais e internacionais com vista à reunir as melhores informações acerca do Sistema CRISPR. Resultados: após compilação dos dados, verificou-se que o sistema CRISPR tem se tornado um artifício promissor da biologia molecular, haja vista sua versatilidade de uso em diferentes sistemas e sua capacidade de destruir múltiplos genes invasores. Conclusão: nesse sentido, constata-se que a partir do sistema CRISPR podem surgir novas alternativas para o tratamento terapêutico de diversas doenças ligadas ao genoma.

Introduction: the CRISPR system is a molecular tool, ordered by a guiding RNA and a Cas9 enzyme able of correcting the expression of target genes. Objective: to present a review of the literature on the CRISPR system and its contribution to biotechnology Methodology: this is a bibliographic review based on national and international journals to gather the best information about the CRISPR System. Results: after compiling the data, it was verified that the CRISPR system has become a promising artifice for molecular biology, given its versatility of use in different systems and its ability to destroy multiple invading genes. Conclusion: in this sense, it can be seen that from the CRISPR system new alternatives can arise for the therapeutic treatment of various diseases linked to the genome

Mecanismos efetores da resposta imune na infecção por Bordetella pertussis / Immune response effector mechanisms to Bordetella pertussis infection

A coqueluche é uma doença infecciosa aguda, transmissível, com predileção pelo trato respiratório, caracterizada por paroxismos de tosse seca e considerada uma importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade infantil. A resposta imunológica humoral e celular do hospedeiro promove a contenção da infecção, pois essas respostas se caracterizam como importantes linhas de defesa durante a infecção e colonização da bactéria. Dessa forma, esta revisão bibliográfica procurou descrever os mecanismos mais eficazes de resposta imune contra Bordetella pertussis e abordar os mecanismos de evasão utilizados pelo patógeno.

Pertussis is a transmissible infectious disease with a predilection for the respiratory tract characterized by paroxysms of dry cough. It is considered an important cause of child morbidity and mortality. The humoral and cellular immune responses of the host promote the containment of the infection, and these responses are characterized as important lines of defense during infection and colonization of the bacterium. Thus, this literature review sought to describe the most effective immune response mechanisms against Bordetella pertussis and to address the avoidance mechanisms used by the pathogen.